NTNUJAVA Virtual Physics LaboratoryEnjoy the fun of physics with simulations! Backup site http://enjoy.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/
September 28, 2020, 07:22:34 am

Know yourself. Questioning. ...Socrates (469-399 BC)

 Pages: [1]   Go Down
 Author Topic: Impact force  (Read 5241 times) 0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic. Click to toggle author information(expand message area).
ahmedelshfie
Moderator
Hero Member

Offline

Posts: 954

 « Embed this message on: May 27, 2010, 07:16:45 am » posted from:Uberaba,Minas Gerais,Brazil

This following applet is Impact force
Created by prof Hwang Modified by Ahmed
Original project Impact force

Two objects with m1 and m2 respectively, released from the same height h to the ground.
Under the condition: mass m2=2*m1

The time for object to reach the ground are T1 and T2 respectively,
Normally, the air reststance can be ignored for heavy objects, and we know that
T2=T1=$\sqrt{2h/g}$, where g is the gravity.

If the impact forces are F1 and F2 respectively.
What is the relation between F1 and F2?
A. F2>2*F1
B. F2=2*F1
C. F2<2*F1

The impact force F=△P/△T, where △P is the momentum change during the impact and △T is the impact time.
Both object drop from the same height, so the velocity when impact start is $v=\sqrt{2gh}$,
So △P2=2*△P1.
We need to know the relation between △T2, △T1 in order to compare F2/F1.
If △T2= △T1, then F2=2*F1.
However, is it true that △T2= △T1
If △T2> △T1 , how to find out relation between F1 and F2?
You can check out the answer with the following simulation:

The impact time △T and Faverege will be shown. F(t) is available, too!

The impact force is modeled with$F(y)=-k*(y-y_0)-b*v_y$.

Embed a running copy of this simulation

Embed a running copy link(show simulation in a popuped window)
Full screen applet or Problem viewing java?Add http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ to exception site list
• Please feel free to post your ideas about how to use the simulation for better teaching and learning.
• Post questions to be asked to help students to think, to explore.
• Upload worksheets as attached files to share with more users.
Let's work together. We can help more users understand physics conceptually and enjoy the fun of learning physics!
 Impact force.gif (19.02 KB, 682x479 - viewed 457 times.) Logged
ahmedelshfie
Moderator
Hero Member

Offline

Posts: 954

 « Embed this message Reply #1 on: June 25, 2010, 08:26:46 pm » posted from:SAO PAULO,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL

In mechanics, an impact is a high force or shock applied over a short time period when two or more bodies collide. Such a force or acceleration usually has a greater effect than a lower force applied over a proportionally longer time period of time. The effect depends critically on the relative velocity of the bodies to one another.

At normal speeds, during a perfectly inelastic collision, an object struck by a projectile will deform, and this deformation will absorb most, or even all, of the force of the collision. Viewed from the conservation of energy perspective, the kinetic energy of the projectile is changed into heat and sound energy, as a result of the deformations and vibrations induced in the struck object. However, these deformations and vibrations can not occur instantaneously. A high-velocity collision (an impact) does not provide sufficient time for these deformations and vibrations to occur. Thus, the struck material behaves as if it were more brittle than it is, and the majority of the applied force goes into fracturing the material. Or, another way to look at it is that materials actually are more brittle on short time scales than on long time scales: this is related to time-temperature superposition.

Different materials can behave in quite different ways in impact when compared with static loading conditions. Ductile materials like steel tend to become more brittle at high loading rates, and spalling may occur on the reverse side to the impact if penetration doesn't occur. The way in which the kinetic energy is distributed through the section is also important in determining its response. Projectiles apply a Hertzian contact stress at the point of impact to a solid body, with compression stresses under the point, but with bending loads a short distance away. Since most materials are weaker in tension than compression, this is the zone where cracks tend to form and grow.

Data and images from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_(mechanics)
 100px-Kafar_na_Odrze.jpg (4.99 KB, 100x166 - viewed 438 times.)  175px-Impact_wrench_01.jpg (7.22 KB, 175x161 - viewed 418 times.)  250px-Impact-test.jpg (14.61 KB, 250x167 - viewed 439 times.) Logged
 Pages: [1]   Go Up
Know yourself. Questioning. ...Socrates (469-399 BC)